Optics and Light Calculators

Distance to Horizon Calculator

Estimate horizon distance from elevation, planet radius, and atmospheric refraction.

Laser Beam Divergence Calculator

Estimate divergence, beam spread, spot size, and irradiance accurately

Laser Beam Expander Calculator

Compute expanded beam size, divergence, magnification, and lens spacing

Laser Beam Spot Size Calculator

Gaussian beam dimensions, divergence, and Rayleigh range from optical parameters

Laser Brightness Calculator

Calculate laser radiance, irradiance, photon flux, and brightness

Laser Linewidth and Bandwidth Calculator

Calculate laser spectral linewidth, frequency bandwidth, and coherence metrics

Radar Horizon Calculator

Estimate radar detection range across curved Earth surfaces

Lens Maker Equation Calculator

Compute focal length and optical power from lens curvature.

Telescope Field of View Calculator

Estimate telescope magnification and true field of view accurately

Telescope Magnification Calculator

Determine telescope power, viewing field, exit pupil, and resolution

Earth Curvature Calculator

Estimate Earth's curvature, horizon distance, surface drop, and viewing effects.

Thin-Film Optical Coating Calculator

Analyze thin-film coating reflection, transmission, absorption, and interference

Thin Lens Equation Calculator

Find image distance, magnification, and size using lens parameters

Binoculars Range Calculator

Estimate binocular viewing distance using optics, eyesight, and target dimensions

Lumen Calculator (Lumen to Lux to Candela)

Convert luminous flux into illuminance and luminous intensity accurately

Lux to Foot Candles Converter

Convert illuminance measurements between common lighting units quickly and accurately

Snell's Law Calculator

Calculate refraction angles, critical angles, and total internal reflection

Blackbody Radiation Calculator

Calculate blackbody emission, peak wavelength, irradiance, and radiated energy

Malus Law Calculator

Calculate polarized light transmission using Malus' law

Index of Refraction Calculator

Determine material refractive index from vacuum and medium light speeds

Angular Resolution Calculator

Estimate diffraction-limited detail for lenses, telescopes, and imaging systems

Speed of Light Calculator

Determine light speed through materials using refractive index

Optical Density Calculator

Calculate optical density, transmission, and attenuation from optical power

Aperture Area Calculator

Calculate aperture area from opening diameter for optical system design

Bragg's Law Calculator

Calculate Bragg angles for crystal diffraction analysis

Brewster's Angle Calculator

Determine Brewster's angle for light crossing optical media

Diffraction Grating Calculator

Compute diffraction angles, dispersion, resolution, and spectral separation accurately

Diopter Calculator

Convert focal length into optical power across common measurement systems

Contact Lens Vertex Calculator

Convert spectacle prescriptions to accurate contact lens powers

Mirror Equation Calculator

Calculate image distance, magnification, height, and mirror curvature